UPS Systems and Battery Chargers: Engineering and Design

Introduction

 (UPS) is a battery-powered electronic device that continues to supply electricity to the load for a certain period of time during a utility failure or when the line voltage varies outside the normal limits. It is a typical application. Besides the backup, most UPS also provide surge protection. Modern UPS can either be of the static type or the rotary type.

This exclusive training course on the importance of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is of great interest where electrical installations require a continuous power supply. Today’s reliance on power from the grid sometimes poses new issues like power quality and interruptions. This training course will address issues pertaining to power quality and mitigation techniques. A closer look at the uninterruptible power supply components and functionalities will be discussed. The battery system which forms an integral part of the uninterruptible power supply will be scrutinized in view of its construction, characteristics, merits, and demerits. The-state-of-the-art diesel rotary uninterruptible power supply will be deliberated in detail.

Delegates attending the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) training course will develop the following competencies:

• Understand the importance of a UPS system.
• Awareness of the types, main components & structure of UPS system.
• Design concept of the static UPS system and battery charger.
• Classification of UPS according to different parameters.
• Battery charger basic design and specifications.
• Batteries structure and components.
• Complete Block diagram of UPS systems.
• Check lists.

Objectives

By the end of this training course, the participants will be able to understand the following:

• The importance of an uninterruptible power supply systems & philosophy.
• UPS are structurally divided into three categories: online, offline and line-interactive.
• The online type UPS is always powered by the inverter and the battery, which is constantly charged by the charger connected to the network.
• This means that the system inverter is always active and any disturbance in the input power is not transferred to the output and the output is independent of the input.
• The offline type, the output load is fed through the network voltage which is filtered and only In case of interruption or error in the input power.
• The inverter is activated and feeds the output through the battery.
• The current is supplied from the inverter in the online type.
• The batteries structure & differences according to the operation and UPS type.
• The line-interactive type, the inverter is always on and It is connected to the output, the batteries can be charged in this way.
• Compared to the offline topology, more filtering equipment is installed in this topology, and output instability and switching noises are also
• The block diagrams of online and offline UPS and line interactive,
• Battery chargers components and Block diagram structure.

Training Methodology

This is an interactive course. There will be open question and answer sessions, regular group exercises and activities, videos, case studies and presentations on best practice. Participants will have the opportunity to share with the facilitator and other participants on what works well and not so well for them, as well as work on issues from their own organizations.

Who Should Attend?

• Electrical Engineers
• Project Engineers
• Design Engineers
• Instrumentation and Design Engineers
• Electrical Technicians
• Field Technicians
• Electricians
• Plant Operators

Course Outline

Day 1: Fundamentals of Uninterruptible Power Supply

• Pre assessment.
• the main Components of UPS systems
• Single input and double input uninterruptible power systems.
• AC & DC power syatem differences.
• Simple uninterruptible power system designs.
• On line & off line operation modes.

Day 2: Construction details and usage of UPS components

• Input rectifier and filter circuit
• Power factor correction circuit
• Storage battery
• Charging circuit
• Inverter circuit
• Static switch circuit
• Control detection and protection circuit
• Capacitor Bank circuit.

Day 3: Different types of UPS

• The online and offline uninterruptible power systems
• Uninterruptible power supply components and functionalities of filters
• Double conversion uninterruptible power systems
• Transformer base and transformer-less uninterruptible power systems
• Uninterruptible power systems operation modes
• Parallel systems and redundancy.

Day 4: Sizing of AC and DC UPS 

• Converters, batteries, and other relevant components.
• Reliability of UPS configurations - Exploring different UPS configurations and their reliability factors.
• Brief overview of the control circuits in UPS systems.
• Highlighting practical applications available in the market, specifically focusing on Power Utilities and the Oil and Gas Industry.

Day 5: Applications &Classification of UPS:

• Classification by power: <5kVA, 5-20kVA, >20kVA.
• Classification by the input and output voltage: Single-phase UPS, Three-phase UPS.
• Classification by installation: Tower-type, Rack-mounted type.
• Classification by technical: Back-up UPS, online interactive UPS, double transformation online UPS, Delta transformation UPS.
• Classification by the structure: Modular UPS, rated power UPS, module UPS
• Classification by online rated power: Industrial frequency UPS, IGBT rectifier + traditional inverter (transition technology), high frequency UPS.

According to the main structure of the circuit classification:

• Back-up UPS
• Online UPS
• Series parallel UPS
• Online interactive UPS

Classification by back-up time:

• Standard UPS
• Long effect UPS

Day 6: Types and Construction of Batteries and Battery Chargers

• Different types of battery technologies and characteristics
• Construction and characteristics of lead-acid batteries
• Construction and characteristics of nickel-cadmium batteries
• Care of batteries
• Battery monitoring systems
• Types, construction, and characteristics of battery chargers